Abstract Glyphosate-Resistant Crops (GR crops) have caused considerable changes in weed management worldwide. In Brazil, GR cultivars of soybean and corn were officially introduced in the 2005/06 and 2011/12 crops, respectively. This technology has radically changed the weed management system, having an enormous impact on national agriculture. The objective of this review was to analyze the general aspects that led to the adoption of this technology in Brazil and present its future consequences and challenges. The adoption of GR soybean and corn was swift and comprehensive. Ten years after its introduction, GR soybean and corn are grown in most areas with these crops in Brazil. This success can be attributed to the reduction of costs, the broad spectrum of control provided by glyphosate, the solution for effective management resistance to ALS and ACCase inhibitors, the excellent managing of weeds that are difficult to control, the reduction of crop injury and carryover problems. However, the exclusive and consecutive use of glyphosate alone resulted in intense selection pressure for resistant weeds to this herbicide, which has become one of the most prominent challenges with these crops. Therefore, the future sustainability of GR soybean and corn will not be possible without the combination with other technologies, within integrated weed management.

Dois experimentos foram instalados em Londrina, PR, com o objetivo de avaliar a persistência dos herbicidas imazaquin e imazethapyr no solo, aplicados em pré emergência e pré e pós emergência. respectivamente. Nas subparcelas foram usados imazaquin nas doses de 0,12: 0,15 (normal) e 0,30 kg/ha e imazethapyr nas doses de 0,1 (normal) e 0,2 kg/ha. Nos blocos foram distribuídos seis épocas de semeadura: 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 dias após a aplicação (DAA). A atividade residual foi avaliada com a semeadura do milho Pioneer 3072, no campo, e do pepino em casa de vegetação. Os resultados foram descritos com base nas avaliações visuais de fitotoxicidade e hiomassa seca das plantas de milho e da hiomassa seca e altura das plantas de pepino. A fitotoxicidade de imazaquin e de imazethapyr não foi considerada prejudicial às plantas de milho. quando a semeadura ocorreu 90 dias após as suas aplicações, respectivamente em pré e pós-emergência. As plantas de pepino mostraramse mais sensíveis aos herbicidas do que as plantas de milho, especialmente ao imazaquin. Para imazaquin, nas doses normais, os sintomas desapareceram aos 120 dias após aplicação. No mesmo período, para imazethapyr, na menor dose, ocorreu recuperação da altura das plantas de pepino, mas não do seu peso.

The persistence of imazaquin (preemergence) and imazethapyr (pre and postemergence) in the soil, and their effects on corn and cucumber plants were evaluated in two expriments in Londrina, Paraná State. Treatments of imazaquin 0,12, 0,15 (normal) and 0,30 kg./ha, and imazethapyr 0,1 (normal) and 0,2 kg/ha were arranged in a split-plot design. Six sowing dates (plots), including 0, 30, 60, 90 120 and 150 days after herbicide application (DAA) were arranged in blocks. Residual activity for corn (Pioneer 3072) was evaluated in the field, and for cucumber in a bioassay, in greenhouse. Corn plant phythotoxicity was visually evaluated and dry weight were recorded as well as dry weight and height for cucumber plants. Imazaquin (preemergence) and imazethapyr (pre and postemergence) phytotoxicity were not considered to be harmful to corn plants, when sowing occurred 90 DAA. Cucumber plants showed to be more sensitive to the herbicides than corn plants, especially to imazaquin. Symptoms disappeared 120 DAA for imazaquin, at normal dosis. After the same period, cucumber plant height recovered from imazethapyr phytotoxicity at the lowest dosis, but not its weight.